Voting Machine

(Department of electronics engineering) RIZVI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING BANDRA (WEST), MUMBAI-400050 UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI ACADEMIC YEAR 2012-13 FOR THE FULFILLMENT OF THE PROJECT (TE) ELECTRONIC WORKSHOP (EWS) LCD BASED VOTING MACHINE USING 8051 AND VENDING MACHINE A project report Submitted by NIKITA MUDRAS TRUPTI LIMBAD SABERA YASMIN UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF PROF. PRASAD DHURI PROF. SOHAIL SIDDIQUI RIZVI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, RIZVI COMPLEX, OFF CARTER ROAD BANDRA (W), MUMBAI – 400050 YEAR: 2012-13 UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI (DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS) CERTIFICATEThis is to certify that the following students NIKITA MUDRAS TRUPTI LIMBAD SABERA YASMIN Have successfully completed the synopsis work of project on LCD BASED VOTING MACHINE USING 8051 AND VENDING MACHINE ___________________ _________________ PROF. PRASAD S. DHURI EXTERNAL EXAMINER (PROJECT GUIDE) ___________________ _________________ PROF . SOHAIL SIDDIQUI PROF . NARGIS SHAIKH (PROJECT GUIDE) (HOD) PREFACEWe take an opportun ity to present the project report on â€Å"lcd based voting machine and vending machine† and put before users some useful information about our project. We have made sincere attempts and taken every care to present this matter in precise and compact form. We are sure that the information contained in this volume would certainly prove useful for better insight in the scope and dimension of the subject. The task of completing the project though being difficult but was made quite simple,intresting and successful due to deep involvement and complete dedication of our group members.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is indeed of great pleasure and proud privilege to be able to present the project on â€Å"Lcd Based Voting Machine Using 8051† The completion of project work is a milestone in student’s life and its execution is inevitable in the hands of guide. we highly indebt the project guide Mr. Prasad Dhuri for this invaluable guidance and appreciation for giving form and substanc e to this project. it is due to his enduring efforts, patience and enthusiasm, which has given a sense of direction and purposefulness to this project and ultimately made it a success.We would like to tender our sincere thanks to the staff members for their co-operation. We would also like to express our deep regards and gratitude to the principal Dr. Varsha Shah, our HOD Prof. Nargis Shaikh. We would also like to thank the non teaching staff and our friends who have helped us all the time in the way or the other. LIST OF CONTENT LCD BASED VOTING MACHINE USING 8051 MICROCONTROLLER 1. Introduction 08 2. Circuit diagram 09 . Components 11 4. Program for IC 15 5. Working 30 6. PCB layout 31 7. Advantages 32 8. Future Scope 33 VENDING MACHINE 1.Introduction 36 2. Flowchart 37 3. Working 38 4. VHDL code 40 5. Output Waveforms 44 6. Applications & uses 45 REFRENCES 47LCD BASED VOTING MACHINE USING 8051 MICROCONTROLLER [pic] INTRODUCTION This LCD based electronic voting machine is de signed for four candidates. The input part consists of a set of six tactile switches. The switches and 16Ãâ€"2 LCD are interfaced to microcontroller AT89C51 for various operations and displays. The provision of casting votes for the candidates has been provided through four of these switches. These switches are made active high and connected to pins 2-5 (P1^1 – P1^4) of the controller. The remaining two switches (both active low) are to start and stop the voting procedure.They are connected to pins 1 and 6 (P1^0 and P1^5) respectively. The Init (start) switch initializes the voting system when pressed, while the Stop switch ends the voting and displays the poll results on LCD screen. For more details on working with LCD, refer LCD interfacing with 8051. The data pins of the LCD (pins 7-14) are connected to the output port P2 of the microcontroller. The control pins (RS, R/W and EN) are connected to port P3 pins P3^0, P3^1 & P3^6 respectively. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM [pic] LIST OF  COMPONENTS COMPONENT |QUANTITY | |1) General PCB |1 | |2) 16Ãâ€"2  LCD Display |1 | |3) Micro controller base |1 | |4) 10uf/10v capacitor |1 | |5) 8T89C51 micro controller |1 | |6) 12MHz Crystal oscillator |1 | |7) 10k Preset |1 | |8) 2 pin Switches |6 | |9)7805 voltage regulator |1 | |10) 10k Resistor |1 | COMPONENTS KA 7805 (Voltage Regulator) Features: ? Output Current up to 1A ? Output Voltage of 5 Thermal Overload Protection ? Short Circuit Protection ? Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection Description: 7805 is a voltage regulator integrated circuit. It is a member of 78xx series of fixed linear voltage regulator ICs. The voltage source in a circuit may have fluctuations and would not give the fixed voltage output. The voltage regulator IC maintains the output voltage at a constant value. The xx in 78xx indicates the fixed output voltage it is designed to provide. 7805 provides +5V regulated power supply. Capacitors of suitable values can be connected at input and output pins depending upon the respective voltage levels. Pin Connections (Front View): Pin No |Function |Name | |1 |Input voltage (5V-18V) |Input | |2 |Ground (0V) |Ground | |3 |Regulated output; 5V (4. 8V-5. 2V) |Output | AT89C51: AT89C51 is an 8-bit Microcontroller and belongs to Atmel's 8051 family. ATMEL 89C51 has 4KB of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM) and 128 bytes of RAM. It can be erased and program to a maximum of 1000 times. In 40 pin AT89C51, there are four ports designated as P1, P2, P3 and P0. All these ports are 8-bit bi-directional ports, i. e. , hey can be used as both input and output ports. Except P0 which needs external pull-ups, rest of the ports have internal pull-ups. When 1s are written to these port pins, they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. These ports are also bit addressable and so their bits can also be accessed individually. Port P0 and P2 are also used to provide low byte and hi gh byte addresses, respectively, when connected to an external memory. Port 3 has multiplexed pins for special functions like serial communication, hardware interrupts, timer inputs and read/write operation from external memory. AT89C51 has an inbuilt UART for serial communication.It can be programmed to operate at different baud rates. Including two timers & hardware interrupts, it has a total of six interrupts. Pin Diagram:- [pic] FEATURES OF 8951 1) 8051 have 128 bytes of RAM 2) 8051 have 128 user defined flags 3) it consist of 16 bit address bus 4) it also consist of 3 internal and two external interrupts 5) less power usage in 8051 with respect to other micro-controller 6) it consist of 16-bit program counter and data pointer 7) 8051 can process 1 million one-cycle instructions per second   8) it also consist of 32 general purpose registers each of 8 bits 9) ROM on 8051 is 4 Kbytes in size 10) it also consist of Two 16 bit Timer/ CounterLCD: LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) scree n is an electronic display module and find a wide range of applications. A 16Ãâ€"2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used in various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. The reasons being: LCDs are economical; easily programmable; have no limitation of displaying special & even custom characters (unlike in seven segments), animations and so on. A 16Ãâ€"2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is displayed in 5Ãâ€"7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely, command and data. The ommand register stores the command instructions given to the LCD. A command is an instruction given to LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it, clearing its screen, setting the cursor position, controlling display etc. The data register stores the data to be displayed on the LCD. The data is the ASCII value of the character to be displayed on th e LCD. Pin Diagram:- [pic] |Pin No |  Function |  Name | |1 |Ground (0V) |Ground | |2 |Supply voltage; 5V (4. 7V – 5. V) |  Vcc | |3 |Contrast adjustment; through a variable resistor |  VEE | |4 |Selects command register when low; and data register when high |Register Select | |5 |Low to write to the register; High to read from the register |Read/write | |6 |Sends data to data pins when a high to low pulse is given |Enable | |7 |8-bit data pins |DB0 | |8 | |DB1 | |9 | |DB2 | |10 | |DB3 | |11 | |DB4 | |12 | |DB5 | |13 | |DB6 | |14 | DB7 | |15 |Backlight VCC (5V) |Led+ | |16 |Backlight Ground (0V) |Led- | PROGRAM TO MAKE A VOTING MACHINE USING LCD #include #define msec 50 #define lcd_data_str_pin P2 sbit rs = P3^0; //Register select (RS) pin sbit rw = P3^1; //Read write(RW) pin sbit en = P3^6; //Enable(EN) pin sbit ini_pin = P1^0; // Start voting pin sbit stop_pin = P1^5; // Stop voting pin sbit candidate_1=P1^1; //Candidate1 sbit candidate_2=P1^2; //Candidate2 sb it candidate_3=P1^3; //Candidate3 sbit candidate_4=P1^4; //Candidate4 int max = 0; int carry = 0; int arr[4]; int vote_amt[3],j; unsigned int vote_1,vote_2,vote_3,vote_4; void delay(int delay_time) // Time delay function { int j,k; for(j=0;j

Radicalism of the American Revolution

Essay 1 â€Å"Radical†, a term generally defined by many as an event or action that fundamentally changes the political, cultural, and/or economic nature of a society. The American Revolution was a time of great change within the structure of society, greatly transforming certain parts of America, yet leaving other parts relatively unchanged over the course of the Revolutionary period. When asked whether or not I consider the Revolution to be â€Å"radical†, I can give no absolute yes or no response.Instead I will have to take more of a â€Å"grey area† approach to the question and say a bit of both yes and no, because although the revolution did change quite a bit, there were still areas it was unable to change. In my opinion, I would say the American Revolution was â€Å"radical†, but only to a point. Some of the most important changes that the Revolution did make in American society were focused heavily on expanding and redefining political freedom thro ughout the country, and establishing religious tolerance. One important way that the revolution did not change the American society was in social hierarchy.Prior to the American Revolution, politics consisted of many voting, but few actually holding any kind of political power, those who did have power not listening to voters, no parties, and few public political arguments. During the Revolution, however, many Americans had a much more powerful voice in politics. This newfound power was due to an ending of old governments and authority, and the fundamental â€Å"need to reinstitute legitimate governments†. Election campaigns also became very public arguments over what the government â€Å"should† be, this is very different than what the political scene was in post-Revolution Colonial America.Some of the most radical movements can be seen in the Revolution in Pennsylvania. In Pennsylvania, the pro-independence radical took control, abolishing such political offices as g overnor. The issue of voting rights was also a very contentious subject in politics. John Adams believed that the â€Å"common rabble† of men in the country had no â€Å"judgment of their own†, and the removal of a property qualification to vote would â€Å"confound and destroy all distinctions, and prostrate all ranks to one common level†.Pennsylvania, for one abolished the property qualification for voting, but retained the tax payment qualification, whereas other states did away with both. Prior to the Revolution, only a few colonies embraced religious tolerance, those being Rhode Island and Pennsylvania. Most of the colonies in the country still had established state churches. However, colonists began to regularly associate religious freedom with â€Å"liberty† and evangelicals particularly supported this movement towards religious liberty, having suffered much oppression, and believing that â€Å"government corrupted religion†.An assault on st ate churches developed with The Elites, a. k. a. , Founding Fathers agreeing that religion could be potentially dangerous when apart of government. This â€Å"Enlightened† religion argued that religion had often supported unjust governments. Most of them would have been Deists. Deism, a popular belief among elites in the 1700s, held belief in God, but that he was rarely and distantly involved in human affairs, and viewed many Christian beliefs as superstition.Thomas Jefferson in his Notes on Virginia, 1782 saying that â€Å"The whole history of these books is [the Gospels] is so defective and doubtful that it seems vain to attempt minute enquiry into it†. The Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom was a Virginia bill introduced by Thomas Jefferson in 1779. The bill eliminated religious requirements for voting and office-holding, eliminated government finance for religion, and barred the state from forcing participation in religion. One important way that the Revolutio n did not change the American Society was in social hierarchy.Although the American Revolution changed many things, it still left some unchanged, like the much higher sociopolitical power of the upper class aristocrats within the country. The social classes were arranged from highest to lowest as such: Upper class, merchants, tradesmen, farmers, working men, indentured servants, slaves, and finally Indians. Not much had changed since Colonial America with the wealthy upper class controlling much of everything from politics to religion. Slavery continued, women had no rights whatsoever, and the system was simply not open to all white men yet.Wealth always made a difference, as it usually does. They were the land owners, the voters, the senators and congressmen. Normal people couldn't be or do any of these things without having the money and success. In conclusion, the American Revolution, in my opinion, can be seen as partly â€Å"radical† and partly not. Similar to many other revolutions, it could not have changed every single thing overnight, and in fact, it did not. But there is no denying that, at least then, it did radically change things in the country, but also left some the same.

The Vs. Education Is There A Correlation - 1572 Words

ntelligence vs Education: Is there a correlation? Intelligence comes from the latin verb intelligere which means to comprehend or perceive. Intelligence is a very difficult word to describe. The average person would just say that it s how smart you are. But what exactly does it mean to be smart? Is it how fast you can add, how could learn something, or what? If you asked a million from people you would probably get a million and one different answers.That s one of if not the main challenge in judging and evaluating education. Education is in its most basic form learning something. The origin of the word education comes from the Latin word Ä“ducÄ tiÃ…  which means (A breeding, a bringing up, a rearing) from Ä“dÃ… «cÃ…  (I educate, I train).†¦show more content†¦These days how much education you have and where you go to school is a the main focus. No job wants an employee who is substandard in their education, believing that the higher level education means more prod uctive and overall better employees. In a study conducted on teens in high school many of them reported being under stress mainly related to school. The statistics reported that 59% of the students said time managing is a somewhat or very significant stressor; 40% say they neglected responsibilities at home because of stress; 21% say they neglected work or school because of stress; 32% say they experience headaches because of stress; 26% report changes in sleeping habits; 26% report snapping at or being short with classmates or teammates when under stress. One student even commented The last two years in high school have been the most stressful for me and my friends, we have to do everything and be perfect for colleges and we have a big workload. Most of the time we talk about how stressed we are. (Sharon Jayson) With all this stress it isn t surprising that many teens turn to suicide, being the second leading cause of death in people ages 10-18. In 2013 the amount of teens who considered suicide was 13% while 5178 teens killed themselves in 2012 in the US alone. Although it is almost impossible to isolate the main reason why they did it most research points to academic stress and bullying. Madison Holleran who attended

Post 9/11 Counter-Terrorism in New York City Essay example

September 11, 2001 was one of the scariest days for the United States of America. Many Americans felt unsafe in their own homes because this was the first ever terrorist attack on American soil. On this day many brave Americans stepped up to do their part on helping the wounded as much as they could. Many police officers and firefighters lost their lives going into the burning towers to try and save as many people as possible. Many nurses and doctors were also on site and working long hours in hope to save everyone who was able to make it out safely. Since that fateful day American’s still take a moment to remember that day that changed our country and took many American lives. That day might have been one of the scariest days in our†¦show more content†¦September 11th hit New York City the worst killing thousands of people in the planes, tower, bystanders or the brave firefighters, police, and other emergency responders who risked their lives to save others. Howeve r since 9/11 The United States of America have done a lot to prevent future attacks like that from happening again. Some measures are more intense airport security, another war, and the killing of Osama bin Laden, but no matter what they do they will not be able to bring back the lives of all of the fallen American citizens that died in that horrific terrorist attack. One positive thing about these horrible attacks is that the country became closer and stronger as a country and that we learned how to try and fight it off in the future. The United States has been using counterterrorism tactics to fight any future terrorist attacks. By definition counterterrorism is the practice, techniques, and strategies that governments, militaries, and police departments adopt to attack terrorist threats and acts. In a segment on National Public Radio it was stated that people believe that 9/11 was an embarrassment to the United States because they did not ever think that anything could happen to us on US soil. When they were warned that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction, they did notShow MoreRelatedTerrorism : A Global Issue Essay1749 Words   |  7 PagesAngela Brown Professor Miller English 112 13 Sept 2015 Terrorism Many of us will embrace our loved ones before leaving our homes to start a hectic workday. As we hug our children and kiss our spouses goodbye, the thought of losing them, or our lives to acts of terrorism, is typically not one to cross our minds. On September 11, 2001, this mere thought became the reality for many families. 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This conflict is counterproductive, becauseRead MoreThe September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks on America: The Division of Nations and Views1672 Words   |  7 PagesThe September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on America divided two nations, yet knit one closer like the attacks on Pearl Harbor. There were many events that lead up to 9/11 that were only the beginning. The attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001 was the finale. George Bush wrote in his diary, â€Å"The Pearl Harbor of the 21st century happened today†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (George Bush). This attack was a surprise, just like Pearl Harbor, but the U.S. reacted swiftly and effectively. The appalling events Now, more than aRead MoreTerrorism : Terrorism Is The Reason For Such Events1852 Words   |  8 PagesBefore terrorism can be discussed in this paper, it must first be explained. Terrorism is the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. In other words, terrorism is the reason for such events like 9/11. 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Young Misleading Love in Romeo and Juliet - 1277 Words

Young love is a very deep immature feeling, which tends to misguide those affected by it, and the affected ones fall too deeply in love, which leads to a tendency of self-destruction. The concept of the young misguiding love is emphasized in the drama, Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare. Romeo and Juliet are young when they first see each other and make the mistake of loving each other without knowing their family names. Their deep love without any understanding of the concept of love leads to the young lovers committing suicide, which is a rash decision. They do not embrace their situation, and think about other solutions other than suicide. Romeo and Juliet act on impulse and make rash decisions without thinking about the†¦show more content†¦He jumps right in, and tells Balthasar to get the horses ready at once. Romeo and Juliet’s lack of maturity also causes them to love one another without a limit. They are too immature to realize that the feeling of love s hould not conquer common sense and reasoning. They love each other too such an extreme, that they are inseparable; and once separated, they are willing to go up to any extent to be loyal to each other and their love. This idea is strongly emphasized when Juliet is willing to kill herself rather than marry Paris which proves that she is loyal to her love. Romeo, in return, kills himself after he sees Juliet dead, which shows that he too is loyal to his love. Romeo and Juliet are both young and immature when they fall in love with each other, and their immaturity results in them not understanding that love has its limits. The young lovers love to an extreme neglecting love’s limits, which leads to them not taking mature decisions and steps, but rather rashly and abruptly on impulse to honor their love for each other. Romeo and Juliet feel such a burden to honor their love for each other that they end up committing suicide. Romeo and Juliet’s excessive love and blind love are the most powerful ingredients to their self-destruction. The young lovers, Romeo and Juliet’s idolatry for each other symbolizes excessive love by them willing to go against their families and committing suicide at theShow MoreRelatedRomeo And Juliet Research Paper970 Words   |  4 Pagesplay Romeo and Juliet, William Shakespeare shows that young love is deceptive. Shakespeare does this by noting how Romeo and Juliet do not actually love each other. This is represented by Romeo and Juliets actions and rash decision making. Their decisions are very impulsive and rushed. As a result, it impacted them negatively in the future and as well as their relationship. Romeo and Juliet’s love for each other is not actually how love really is. They’ve mistakenly confused lust for love. 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Bible free essay sample

There are many accounts in the Bible that state God as the creator. Genesis 1 and 2 are both creation stories but slightly differ in their accounts; Genesis 1 is a day by day account of all the things God created in not so much detail whereas Genesis 2 explains the creation story in a way that focuses more on the creation of man and woman than just the lands. Having two accounts of the creation story means that it is easier to come up with your own conclusion as to how the earth was created. The first line of Genesis 1 is â€Å"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth† There is no explanation as to where God came from or why He is there, He just exists and creates the heavens and the earth. This alone is showing God as the creator. Genesis then carries on to state all the things God created all with no scientific or physical proof or evidence as to why and how God is doing so. â€Å"So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them† This quote is from line 27 and is on the 6th day. The repetition of the word ‘created’ is enforcing to the reader that God is the creator of everything and this is done so that there is no doubt in the readers mind whether God is the creator or not. God creating man and woman in his own image is showing that we are superior to other beings such as animals which shows that God is the humans superior. Being made in Gods image is his way of blessing the humans in life as we are made in the ‘Creators’ image. â€Å"Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This quote is saying that God is passing down his ‘ruler ship’ on to the humans. This means that God is starting to ‘back away’ from his previous role and now feels that he has created a world that the inhabitants (humans) can look after. Genesis two is another creation story but has a few differences to Genesis 1. While Genesis 1 speaks a lot more of the specifics of how and when each part of the earth was made, Genesis 2 speaks a whole lot more about the creation of humans rather than the land. The most time that the creation of land is mentioned is at the beginning of Genesis 2. â€Å"This is the account of the heavens and the earth when they were created. When the LORD God made the earth and the heavens-â€Å" This is the first thing said in Genesis 2 and it is stating that God is the creator. It says that God created both the heavens and the earth; there is never any question or vagueness about God creating the heavens and the earth it is all very matter of fact. Although Genesis 2 doesn’t always speak of God ‘creating’ things it often personifies God in such a way that he is planting or making objects. â€Å"And the LORD God made all kinds of trees grow out of the ground-â€Å" This quote doesn’t say that God created the trees but made them grow from the ground, this is essentially saying that He created them as it was the first sighting of trees but is said in a different way as so not to force the ‘creation’ down your throat like Genesis 1 does. This is so that you can come to your own conclusion about which one is more plausible or correct but there is still no doubt as to god being the creator. Job 38 from the Book of Job is a story of how Satan and God have a disagreement where Satan was saying that Job only worships God because he is prosperous in his life, God then agrees to take away all his possessions and leave him with nothing to show Satan that Job would still worship him even if he was left with nothing. Job’s three friends Eliphaz, Bildad and Zophar try to comfort Job but they end up doing the opposite and tell Job that the reason for all his losses is because he has sinned and now God is making him suffer. In the end Job has had enough and questions God, this makes God angry and then Job has a better understanding and realises that he should have trusted God all along. God then returns all of Jobs health and possession in better amounts than they previously were. This story is God showing his power and his superiority to humans. â€Å"Where were you when I laid the earth’s foundation? † This is God saying that he is mightier than any human and they do not compare to His power. This is also showing that God is omnipotent and that we know nothing compared to him. This is all enforcing that God is the creator and better than all the humans. â€Å"Have you ever given orders to the morning, or shown the dawn it’s place,† This is saying that God has dominance over everything in the world, humans and nature. After Gods account of all his majestic works (such as the world and humans) and power, Job has to acknowledge God’s right as creator to do as he pleases and to not be questioned. Job is essentially the personification of all humans who do not believe god as the creator, Job doubted God and his ability so god became angry; this is supposedly what happens every time someone doubts God. Psalm 8 is a song about the lord God and his creation. â€Å"You have set your glory above the heavens† While this quote form the first verse isn’t directly linked to God being the creator it is saying that God has stated his glory in a way that so far in this psalm we do not know yet, we know that God has glory which could mean he has done something great. â€Å"When I consider the heavens, the work of your fingers† Now we start to work out what it is that causes God to have glory, â€Å"the work of your fingers† we are literally told that God has made the heavens with his ‘fingers’. This personification of God shows that people saw him as one of them but also appreciated his greater power, this could possibly relate to humans being made in God’s image. â€Å"you made him a little lower than the heavenly beings† This quote is, like Job 38, stating God’s dominance over the humans. God made humans a little lower than heavenly beings so that they knew their place and that they were lesser than himself ‘the creator’.

The Shack by William P. Young - Book Review

'The Shack' by William P. Young - Book Review The Bottom Line The Shack by William P. Young has become a phenomenon. This book originally written by Young for his kids was rejected by mainstream and Christian publishers alike. Young and friends started their own publishing house to produce it, and now there are more than one million copies in print and it has topped bestsellers charts for weeks. The Shack does not have amazing character depth, and the dialogue sometimes seems forced; however, it is a thought-provoking book that is a worth reading as an entry into thinking about suffering and Gods role in the world. Pros The Shack delves into some of lifes biggest questionsThe Shack is easy to readThe Shack provides an artistic avenue for understanding Christian truths Cons The dialogue is forced some parts are cheesy - This isnt great literatureThere are some theological holes Description The Shack is published by Windblown Media.Published: May 2007253 pages Guide Review - The Shack by William P. Young - Book Review The Shack by William P. Young is a story about Mack, a man whose daughter is kidnapped and brutally murdered. A few years after her murder, Mack receives an invitation from God to meet Him at the shack where they found his daughters bloody clothes. Mack goes and works through the meaning of suffering as he spends the weekend with the Trinity, uniquely portrayed (God the Father is a large black woman, for instance). Why is The Shack so popular? Is it actually a must read? To the first question, I can only say that I think The Shack is asking some of the most important questions people can ask, and exploring the answers in a way that is very accessible. While reading, I understood its appeal these are the very questions that I wrestle with in my heart, and Young works through them in a very comforting way. As to whether The Shack is a must read, Id say, that depends. It sort of reminds me of the words, I love you. There is nothing especially unique about them, and they are extremely overused. From certain people or in certain situations, you are likely to dismiss or even be infuriated by hearing them uttered. Of course, from the right person, hearing them can be one of the most powerful experiences of your life. So with The Shack. This is a decidedly Christian answer in a somewhat shallow story with forced dialogue. Its not the best writing in the world, but I can easily see how if you read The Shack at the right moment, it has the power to change your life. I know Im still thinking about it, and I received enough gems from the novel to recommend it to others.